Impressionist and Modern Art

As part of our reimagined 20th/21st Century sale series, Christie’s now presents a spectrum of Evening Sales that combines the giants of Post-War and Contemporary Art with the masters of Impressionist and Modern Art. Our expanded 20th Century platform celebrates the implicit conversations and connections between artists, movements and decades.

Our Impressionist and Modern Art auctions feature pieces from the late 19th and early 20th centuries and encompass movements such as Impressionism, Fauvism, Cubism and Surrealism, with masterworks from iconic names such as Picasso, Modigliani, Cézanne, Matisse, Monet and more. Christie’s is a market leader in the Impressionist and Modern Art field, achieving landmark prices and strong sell-through rates on behalf of all our clients.

Our auctions attract a global audience of buyers, including consistent participation from Asia at the highest levels. The genre maintains its position as a key area of collecting interest for clients in this region, driving more competitive bidding in each of our salerooms worldwide.

Christie’s holds regular auctions of Impressionist and Modern Art in New York, London and Paris. Our international team of experts are based across the Americas, Europe and Asia and are always available for free and confidential valuations. We also have a dedicated Private Sales team offering a discrete, flexible outlet for those looking to buy and sell.

Impressionist painting of vibrant water lilies floating on a reflective pond with colorful brush strokes.

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10 Sep - 22 Dec

Live

New calendar testing-OAVT-4

London

10 - 30 Sep

Live

ALP-Marc Chagall, Colour of Life: Works Formerly use

London

15 Sep - 23 Dec

Live

New calendar testing-OAVT-5

London

16 Sep - 23 Dec

Live

New calendar testing-OAVT-10

London

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From free valuations to market advice, our specialists are here to answer your questions.

印象派及现代艺术印象派及现代艺术
London
Giovanna Bertazzoni
Vice-Chairman, 20th - 21st Century Department
London
Call+44 (0) 20 7389 2542
E-mailgbertazzoni@christies.com
Giovanna Bertazzoni is Vice-Chairman, 20th - 21st Century Department, leading the team of Impressionist and Modern Art Specialists as well as collaborating with the Post-War and Contemporary team to present innovative cross-category sales to the global market.

Giovanna oversaw the Impressionist and Modern Art Department's global expansion in Asia, and was instrumental in selling the first Picasso ever offered in Mainland China, during Christie's inaugural sale in Shanghai in September 2013. Giovanna’s dynamic leadership brought her team to great success in the landmark sale ‘Looking Forward to the Past’ at Christie’s in New York, in May 2015, which saw Les femmes d'Alger (Version 'O'), 1955, by Pablo Picasso set the World Auction Record for Any Work of Art, when it sold for $179,365,000. Giovanna’s international outlook has ensured stellar results are achieved in both London and New York, with particular emphasis on Picasso portraits, such as Femme assise, robe bleue (May 2017, New York) and Femme écrivant (Marie-Thérèse) (June 2017, London).

Giovanna’s passion for works on paper has driven the market for this intimate art form with dedicated sales at Christie’s for 22 years. A personal highlight for Giovanna was the sale of Paul Cézanne’s drawings and watercolours from the Chappuis Barut Collection in June 2003.

In 2020, Giovanna’s creativity and market intelligence were brought together with that of Alex Rotter and together they co-led the implementation of ONE, the first of its kind global relay auction, live-streamed from Christie’s salerooms in Hong Kong, Paris, London and New York. Responding to the need to reimagine the traditional Evening Sale format as a result of the COVID-19 virus, the innovative sale ultimately yielded the highest result for any auction that year.

Giovanna started her career at Christie's in 1998 and has since forged and continues to cultivate strong relationships with a global network of major private collectors, particularly with collectors of works on paper, and graphic arts departments of major European and American museums.

Giovanna lives in London with her husband Andrea and son Martino.
Olivier Camu
Deputy Chairman, Senior International Director
London
Call+44 (0) 776 858 3825
E-mailocamu@christies.com
In 2007 Olivier was appointed Head of the London Department, a position he held until 2009. He enjoyed considerable success in this role. In June 2008 the Impressionist Evening sale reached new heights, achieving £144.5m ($285m) thanks to the Miller Collection from Columbus, Indiana - for a long time the highest total for any Impressionist and Modern Art sale in European auction history. In that sale Monet's ‘Nympheas’ sold for £41m ($82m) a world record then not only for Monet, but for any Impressionist painting at auction. He also played a key role in the consignment of single major paintings such as Gauguin's ‘L'homme à la hache’, which sold for the world record price of $40m in New York in November 2006, and Degas' pastel ‘Danseuses à la barre’ which sold for £13.5m ($26.5m) in 2008.

In 2012 Olivier was appointed Deputy Chairman of the department. He has since then been responsible for several major sales such as the Hubertus Wald Charitable Foundation collection from Hamburg, which was a backbone of the London February 2012 evening sales and witnessed several world record prices. In 2014 he was responsible for the sale of the unnamed ‘Modern Masterworks from a Private Swiss Collection’, which included world record masterpieces such as Juan Gris 'La nappe à carreaux' of 1915, which sold for a double world record price of £35m ($57m) as well as Carlo Carra's 'Solitudine' from circa 1917-26, which sold for a record £3m ($5m).

In 2015 Olivier was responsible for the consignment of Picasso's 'Les Femmes d'Alger' of 1955, which sold for $180m, not only beating the previous record price of $108m, but also establishing the world record price for any work of art at auction; he was also responsible for the sale of Mondrian's ‘Composition III’ from 1929, which achieved the new world record of $50m, and the anonymous Belgian collection ‘Reality and Surreality’ which included Bacon's ‘Cardinal Rouge’ and fetched $45m while the total collection sold for $120m (£75m), mostly in February 2015 in London: as well as being responsible for the consignment of the anonymous ‘Figuration and Abstraction: works from a private European collection’, which also sold in February 2015 for £42m ($64m), with Miro’s 1950 ‘Painting (Women, Room, Birds)’ estimated at £4-7m and selling for £15.5 ($25m), a world record for any post-war Miro.

Olivier has been responsible for helping Christie's achieve a dominant position in the Surrealist and Italian 20th Century Art yearly sales in London since their inception in 2000. While Olivier stopped running the Italian sale in 2008, he successfully continues to run ‘The Art of The Surreal sale’ which is world renowned and is the leading sale for such art worldwide and the only one to take place regularly in London every February. As result Christie's holds a 77% market share in that sale format. In 2015 his Surrealist sale achieved a highpoint when Christie’s registered 80% market share against our competitors. That sale at £66.5m ($101m) achieved the highest sold total for any Surrealist sale in auction history.
John Lumley
Vice Chairman, Europe
London
Call+44 20 7389 2055
E-mailjlumley@christies.com
Jay Vincze
Head of Private Sales, Europe
London
Call+44 20 7389 2536
E-mailjvincze@christies.com
Jay joined Christie’s in 1998 after graduating with a Master’s degree in History of Art from the University of Cambridge. In 1999 Jay became a specialist in the Impressionist and Modern Art department and was appointed International Director in 2011. Two years later he became the Head of the London Impressionist and Modern Art department, successfully leading the team and the London sales through a period of immense growth and change in the market. During this time Jay was also responsible for sourcing business and developing top client relationships throughout Europe, and oversaw the record breaking February 2014 evening sale, which at £179.9million became the largest sale ever held in London in any category. In 2019 Jay became Head of Private Sales for the Impressionist and Modern Art group in Europe, in which role he is responsible for managing the growth and development of the channel.
Keith Gill
Head of Department
London
Call+44 (0) 20 7389 2175
E-mailkgill@christies.com
Keith Gill has been Head of the Impressionist and Modern Art Evening Sale in London since February 2018. Keith began his career at Christie’s in 2010, working in the Estates, Appraisals & Valuations team before moving to the Impressionist and Modern Art Department, where he has worked in each sale category from the Impressionist & Modern Art and Picasso Ceramics sales at South Kensington, to heading both the Works on Paper and Day Sale at King Street. Since taking over responsibility for the Evening Sale, Keith has overseen the sale of a number of record breaking works including Franz Marc’s Drei Pferde in June 2018 and Paul Signac’s Le Port au Soleil Couchant and Gustave Caillebotte’s Chemin montant in February 2019 – all achieving multiples of previous auction records. Keith’s role as Head of the Evening Sale sees him sourcing business and developing top client relationships throughout Europe, with a particular emphasis on Germany. Prior to joining Christie’s, Keith worked in corporate finance advisory in the retail and consumer sectors for twelve years. Keith holds a Masters degree in History of Art from the University of Glasgow and a Masters degree in Economics & Management from Oxford University.
Michelle McMullan
Head of Evening Sale
London
Call+44 (0)20 7389 2137
E-mailmmcmullan@christies.com
Michelle McMullan is a Senior Specialist in the Impressionist and Modern Art team, London.

Michelle works closely with the international Day, Evening and Private Sales teams, responsible for appraising artworks and collections for each of these business channels. Michelle focuses on cultivating client relationships and advising clients on consignments and acquisitions, with a particular affinity for those new to collecting and to the auction world. Michelle led the Impressionist and Modern Art Day Sale team for five years, delivering the highest grossing sale total in London for the category in 2018. In 2012, Michelle headed the record-breaking sale of Picasso Ceramics from the Madoura Pottery Collection and continues to set new benchmarks for this aspect of Picasso’s oeuvre. Michelle is also a key part of the dynamic team driving interest and results for the Surreal category.

Michelle joined Christie’s in 2009. Previously she worked in commercial industry while earning a B.A. in History of Art and Italian from University College London.
Ottavia Marchitelli
Senior Specialist, Head of The Art of The Surreal Sale
London
Call+44 (0)782 441 5884
E-mailomarchitelli@christies.com
Ottavia Marchitelli is a Director, Senior Specialist in the Impressionist and Modern Art Department in London.

Ottavia drives business sourcing in Impressionist and 20th Century Art, focusing on business getting, art advisory and auction management. Her passion engages clients and institutions alike across Europe, a knowledge base she transfers into the strong results she continues to achieve for the department. As a Director, Ottavia leads the core Impressionist team, prioritising the sourcing of outstanding works of art for the Day and Works on Paper Sales.

Ottavia joined Christie’s in 2010 and holds a Master of Science in Economics and Management for Arts, Culture, Media and Entertainment from Bocconi University, Milan. Ottavia is fluent in English, French and Italian.

Ottavia lives in London with her husband and two children.
Micol Flocchini
Head of Day Sale
London
Call+44 (0) 20 7389 2262
E-mailmflocchini@christies.com
Micol is the Head of the Works on Paper Sale for the Impressionist & Modern Art team in London. She is currently a Specialist, Business Getter with a focus on the core market and client development initiatives in Europe.

Micol joined the department as Research Intern in November 2010 and took on the role of Researcher in April 2012. In 2014 she was appointed Junior Specialist for Private Sales globally, moving to the Day sale in 2018, also focusing on business getting and client development. Micol headed the successful online sale, Joie de Vivre, in July 2020 and the Works on Paper sale since November 2020.

Micol holds a Master’s degree in Art History from Università degli Studi di Pavia, Italy, and a Master’s degree in Intellectual and Cultural Studies from the Warburg Institute in London.
Veronica Scarpati
Head of Works on Paper Sale
London
Call+44 (0)20 7389 2365
E-mailvscarpati@christies.com
Nicole Ching
Specialist Advisor
London
Call+44 207 752 3090
E-mailnching@christies.com
Nicole Ching is a Specialist Advisor in the 20/21st Department in London. Before entering the world of auctions, Nicole came from the museum space, having worked at Cambridge’s Fitzwilliam Museum, Shanghai’s Long Museum and written for ArtAsiaPacific. She also founded Museum 2050 in Beijing in 2017, a platform for investigating key issues about the future of cultural institutions in the Greater China region and for providing a place for young museum professionals to converse, share ideas and create a vibrant museum community. Prior to Christie’s, Nicole worked at another international auction house for almost three years, were she was a Deputy Director in the Private Client Group. Nicole graduated from UCL with a BA in Classics and read for an MSc in Visual, Material, and Museum Anthropology at Oxford and was chosen to be a Schwarzman Scholar at Tsinghua University where she received a Masters of Global Affairs in International Relations. She is fluent in English, Mandarin and Cantonese.
Olivia Vonberg
Associate Specialist
London
Call+44 207 389 2745
E-mailovonberg@christies.com
Katarina Stojanovic
Associate Specialist
London
Call+44 (0) 207 389 2854
E-mailkstojanovic@christies.com
Katarina is an Associate Specialist for the Impressionist & Modern art team in London with a focus on the Day Sale, as well as the Head of the Picasso Ceramics Sale. She works closely with the team cataloguing and researching for the sales. Katarina joined Christie's in 2021, having previously held positions at Sotheby's and Phillips. She holds degrees in History of Art and French from both the University of Edinburgh and Cambridge, and speaks French and Serbian.
Phoebe Fenton
Cataloguer, Private Sale
London
Call+44 (0) 207 389 2169
E-mailpfenton@christies.com
Benedetta Fusco
Senior Sale Coordinator
London
Call+44 (0) 20 7752 3218
E-mailbfusco@christies.com
Kalina Horton
Sale Coordinator
London
Call+44 7775 419470
E-mailkhorton@christies.com
Cyanne Chutkow
Deputy Chairman
New York
Call+1 212 636 2089
E-mailcchutkow@christies.com
Cyanne Chutkow, a Deputy Chairman in the Impressionist and Modern Department, is responsible for business-getting, marketing and promoting works for Impressionist and Modern sales worldwide both at auction and privately, conducting appraisals and cultivating relationships with buyers, sellers, museums and institutions.

Joining Christie’s in 1986, Ms. Chutkow has become one of the cornerstones of the Impressionist and Modern Art Department. She was appointed the Head of the Day sales in 1996 and was instrumental in making those sales successful for nine years and has been a Senior business-getter since then. In addition to being a driving force in New York, she is also a driving force internationally. Ms. Chutkow helped to create the annual sales of 19th and 20th Century Art in Tel Aviv, which took place from 1994-2008 and regularly contributes property at all levels to many departments at Christie’s. Ms. Chutkow travels to Japan 3-4 times a year to Europe, Canada and throughout the United States, advising many of the firm’s most important clients.

With 35 years of experience, Ms. Chutkow has been instrumental in attracting many major consignments to Christie’s including property from a Private American Collection which has totaled $103 million to date. Other sale highlights include Henry Moore's "Reclining Figure: Festival" which sold for $33.1 million in 2016, establishing a new world record at auction for the artist and for any British sculpture; Chaim Soutine’s painting “Le Boeuf” which sold for $28.2 million in 2015 and set the world record price at auction for the artist; Alberto Giacometti’s “Grande femme debout II” which sold for a then world record price of $27.5 million in 2008, the first work by the artist to exceed the $20 million threshold at auction; Lucian Freud’s painting “Naked Portrait with Reflection” which achieved a then world record price of $23.5 million in 2008; Joan Miro’s painting “La caresse des étoile” which set a then world record price of $17 million in 2008; Domenico Gnoli's painting “Black Hair” which set then world record price for the artist in 2014 at $11.7 million; Natalia Goncharova’s painting “Picking Apple” which established a then world record price of $9.8 million in 2007, the first work by the artist to exceed the $5.0 million threshold; Van Ryssleberghe’s painting “Barques de pêche–Méditerranée” which sold for $9.1 million in 2020 and is the second highest price paid for the artist at auction.
Conor Jordan
Deputy Chairman
New York
Call+1 212 636 2074
E-mailcjordan@christies.com
Conor Jordan is Deputy Chairman of the Impressionist and Modern Department. Conor joined Christie's in London in 1996 in the Modern British and Heritage & Taxation departments, where he was instrumental in the sale to the Tate gallery of a major Mondrian. This led to a specialist role in the Impressionist & Modern art department in 1998. Appointed a Director of Christie's London in 2002, Conor was responsible for twice-yearly major sales of paintings and sculpture ranging from Corot to Picasso. In May 2006, he joined the New York team as a Senior Specialist supporting all areas of the team's business getting activities and in 2009 was appointed Head of the department, a role he fulfilled through 2011. Conor graduated from the University of Birmingham with a degree in Medieval and Modern History.
Adrien Meyer
Global Head, Private Sales, Co-Chairman, Impressionist & Modern Art
New York
Call+1 212 636 2056
E-mailameyer@christies.com
Adrien Meyer, Co-Chairman of Impressionist & Modern Art, is a lead auctioneer in New York, London, Paris, and Hong Kong. Adrien joined Christie’s in 2004 and six years later moved to the Impressionist & Modern Art department in New York.

Adrien successfully secured several game-changing consignments, some of which doubled the previous auction record for the artist. They are Alberto Giacometti’s “Diego en chemise écossaise” in 2013 which sold for $32 million; Manet’s “Le Printemps” in 2014 which was acquired by the Getty Museum for $65 million; and Max Beckman’s “Birds’ Hell” in 2017 which sold for $46 million. As a director and strategist for Impressionist & Modern Private Sales, Adrien also launched a series of innovative private selling exhibitions in Asia, where he gained the trust of today’s most prominent collectors. Adrien also rediscovered the private collection of Claude Monet and, with it, initiated the first Impressionist auction to take place in Hong Kong.

Adrien graduated from the Ecole du Louvre, Paris, where he specialized in Modern Art. He is fluent in French, Italian, Spanish, German and English. The French Ministry of Justice granted Adrien the Commissaire-Priseur license allowing him to conduct auctions in Paris.
Max Carter
Vice Chairman, 20th and 21st Century Art, Americas
New York
Call+1 212 636 2091
E-mailmcarter@christies.com
Max Carter began his career at Christie’s in the Impressionist and Modern Art department in 2007 and held various specialist positions before becoming Head of Department in 2017. In his five years in that role (2017-2022), the department handled the category’s most historic sales, held over 60% market share at auction and delivered superior service, expertise and results.

As Vice Chairman of the 20th and 21st Century Art department in the Americas he drives and advises on masterpieces and landmark collections across categories. In 2022-2023, he drove and oversaw the record-setting sales from the collections of Anne H. Bass ($363 million, 100% by lot), Paul G. Allen ($1.7 billion, 100% by lot) and S.I. Newhouse ($178 million, 100% by lot).

A native New Yorker, Max has reviewed more than 100 books on art, history and literature for The Wall Street Journal, The New York Times, The Times Literary Supplement, Air Mail and The Washington Post, including studies of Indian miniatures and artifacts, Holbein, Bernini, Titian, Goya, Gainsborough, Cezanne, Monet, Vuillard, Bonnard, Kandinsky, Matisse, Picasso, Man Ray, Surrealism, Mondrian, Kahlo, Hilma af Klint, Hopper, Nevelson, Kusama, Freud and Hockney. He earned his BA at Oxford and an MBA and MA in Asian Studies from Columbia.
Vanessa Fusco
Head of Department, Impressionist & Modern Art, New York
New York
Call+1 212-636-2050
E-mailvfusco@christies.com
Vanessa Fusco is the Head of Department of Impressionist & Modern Art in New York. Vanessa is responsible for appraising and advising clients on artworks by the foremost artists of the late 19th and first half of the 20th century. Vanessa first joined Christie's in 2005, holding positions in the Books & Manuscripts and Impressionist & Modern Art departments, before leaving to pursue graduate work. She rejoined the company in 2010, serving as Associate Director of Museum Services, where she oversaw Christie's relationships with key institutions, advising on questions of collections management, appraisal needs, and buying and selling activity.

Vanessa has held previous positions in the curatorial departments at The Museum of Modern Art, the Whitney Museum of American Art and The Frick Collection. She received her B.A. cum laude from Vassar College, with a double major in Art History and Italian. She completed her M.A. in Art History and Archaeology at the Institute of Fine Arts, New York University, where she is currently a PhD candidate.
William Haydock
Senior Vice President, International Director, Head of Private Sales, Americas
New York
Call+1 212 707 5938
E-mailwhaydock@christies.com
Will Haydock joined the Impressionist and Modern Art department in January 2021 and oversees the department’s private sale activity in the Americas. Between 2016 and 2020, he served as Christie’s Head of Department for American Art. Will works closely with clients on the consignment and purchase of fine art across departments with a specific focus on discrete private transactions. Before joining Christie’s, he spent nearly four years as a specialist with the Sotheby’s American Art department in New York City.

Mr. Haydock holds a Bachelor of Arts degree in Communications and Mathematics from Boston College and a Masters in Art Business from the Sotheby’s Institute of Art. Following his graduation from college, Mr. Haydock spent three years working in finance, most recently with UBS in their Private Wealth Management division.
Imogen Kerr
Vice President, Senior Specialist, Co-head of 20th Century Evening Sale
New York
Call+44 (0) 20 7752 3177
E-mailikerr@christies.com
Imogen Kerr is a Vice President and Senior Specialist at Christie’s New York, serving as Co-Head of the 20th Century Evening Sale, where she is responsible for valuing and marketing Impressionist and Modern works of art for the 20th / 21st Century Art Department’s masterpiece auction venue. Imogen has held positions across New York, Hong Kong and London, and enjoys providing the highest level of service to clients across continents to achieve their art collecting goals. She has collaborated with international sales teams to produce single-owner, various-owner and curated auctions as well as private selling exhibitions for 20th / 21st Century Art across London, Hong Kong, Shanghai, Paris and New York sites. As Vice President, Head of Impressionist & Modern Art, Asia Pacific, based in Hong Kong from 2021 to 2022, Imogen significantly increased representation of Impressionist and Modern Art in Christie’s in Hong Kong auctions, serving with the 20th / 21st Century Art Department during seasons accounting for the highest sales figures ever produced by Christie’s in the region. Subsequently, Imogen served as Director, Senior Specialist in London, working across Day, Evening and Private Sales from 2022 to 2023 whilst continuing to collaborate internationally.

Imogen joined the Impressionist and Modern Art Department at Christie’s London in 2011, having previously worked in roles across primary and secondary markets in modern and contemporary art. Imogen holds a BA in English Literature and Art History and a BFA degree in Fine Art, which she earned simultaneously from the University of Auckland, New Zealand.
David Kleiweg de Zwaan
Senior Vice President, Senior Specialist
New York
Call+1 212 636 2093
E-maildkleiwegdezwaan@christies.com
David Kleiweg de Zwaan joined the 19th Century European Art Department at Christie’s Amsterdam in 2002. As a department specialist David was closely involved with numerous auction records for paintings by leading Northern European artists as well as landmark single owner sales such as the Anton Philips Collection in 2007 and the Property from the Collection of the Princely House of Liechtenstein sale in 2008. He became an auctioneer in 2007 and was transferred to the 19th Century European Art Department in New York in 2008 before moving to the Impressionist and Modern Art Department in 2009. David has worked on sourcing and selling major consignments in the Impressionist and Modern Art category, including the Collection of Mrs. Sidney F. Brody in 2010 and Works from the Jan Krugier Collection in 2013.

David is the auctioneer for important sales of Impressionist and Modern Art, Post-War and Contemporary Art, American Art and Latin American Art, among others.

David received an MA in History of Art and Aesthetics at the University of Amsterdam. During his studies he worked at the Stedelijk Museum, Amsterdam.
Jessica Fertig
Senior Director, Western Region
New York
Call+1 212 636 2051
E-mailjfertig@christies.com
Jessica Fertig is Senior Director, Western Region for Impressionist & Modern Art. Jessica joined the department in 2006 and has run the departments Evening sales since 2015. Under Jessica’s leadership, the department achieved the highest total for a New York Evening sale in the category in over a decade—selling $480 million in November 2017. She has overseen record setting sales for works by Brancusi, Kandinsky, Léger, Monet and Modigliani, among others.

In addition to running the Impressionist and Modern Art Evening sales, Jessica also works with clients and estates across the United States and Europe securing consignments for the sales internationally, conducting appraisals and advising on acquisitions. Jessica is also actively involved in matters of restitution.

Jessica received a Bachelor of Arts degree in Art History from Kenyon College and holds a Masters degree in Impressionism from the Courtauld Institute of Art. Prior to joining Christie’s, Jessica held curatorial positions at The Phillips Collection, The Kreeger Museum, The National Museum of Wildlife Art and The Smithsonian American Art Museum.
Margaux Morel
Associate Vice President, Specialist and Head of the Day and Works on Paper sales
New York
Call+1 212 636 2656
E-mailMMorel@christies.com
Margaux is an Associate Vice President, Specialist and Head of the Day and Works on Paper sales for the Impressionist and Modern Art Department in New York. In addition to running the Day and Works on Paper sales, Margaux supports the department's business-getting efforts and international sales. Prior to her current role, Margaux oversaw the department's eCommerce platform with its market-leading Picasso Ceramics Online Sales, as well as researching and cataloguing the works in the Evening Sale, including The Story of Impressionism: The Cox Collection, The Anne H. Bass Collection, and most recently, the Paul G. Allen Collection. Margaux started at Christie's in 2016; she earned her Bachelor of Arts from Columbia University, with a combined major in Art History and Visual Arts, and a concentration in Spanish.
Emmanuelle Loulmet
Associate Specialist, Head of Online Sales
New York
Call+1 212 636 2226
E-maileloulmet@christies.com
Emmanuelle Loulmet is an Associate Specialist and the Head of the Online Sales for the Impressionist and Modern Art department in New York. In addition to running the Online Sales, Emmanuelle supports the Day and Works on Paper sales team as well as the department's business-getting efforts and international sales. Emmanuelle joined the Impressionist and Modern Art department in 2019 as Expertise Coordinator, managing the authentication of all property for the department's auctions and private sales; she transitioned into her role as Cataloguer in 2021, researching and cataloguing works for the Day and Works on Paper Sales, and became an Associate Specialist in 2023. Prior to joining Christie’s, Emmanuelle received her Bachelor of Arts from Dartmouth College, where she studied Art History and Comparative Politics.
Jakob Angner
Specialist, Private Sales
New York
Call+1 332 287 4114
E-mailjangner@christies.com
Jakob Angner is a Specialist in Impressionist & Modern Art with a focus on Private Sales. Jakob joined the Impressionist & Modern team at Christie's, London in 2018, and two year later he moved to the Private Sales team where he is part of business-getting and client development, providing clients with appraisals and advice on the market for Impressionist & Modern Art. Prior to joining Christie's, Jakob held positions at both fine art dealers and another international auction house in London.

Jakob studied History of Art at Uppsala University and holds a Bachelor degree in Politics, Philosophy and Economics from the University of Warwick; he is fluent in English and Swedish.
Emma Boyd
Junior Specialist
New York
Call+1 212 636 2063
E-maileboyd@christies.com
Emma Boyd is the Evening Sale Cataloguer for the Impressionist and Modern Art department in New York. She joined the team as the Private Sales & Department Coordinator in 2019 and, prior to joining Christie’s, received her Bachelor of Arts from Middlebury College in Art History, Studio Art, and Italian.
Lou Clinton-Celini
Cataloguer
New York
Call+1 212 636 2447
E-maillclinton-celini@christies.com
Lou Clinton-Celini is the Impressionist and Modern Cataloguer for the Impressionist and Modern Art department in New York, responsible for researching the Works on Paper and Day sales. She joined the team as Expertise Coordinator in 2021 and, prior to joining Christie’s, received her Master’s Degree in Art History from Sorbonne University in Paris, as well as a Bachelor’s Degree with honors from Columbia University in New York.
Antoine Lebouteiller
Head of Department
Paris
Call+33 (0)1 40 76 85 83
E-mailalebouteiller@christies.com
Antoine Lebouteiller is the Head of the Impressionist and Modern Art department at Christie’s France. Antoine first joined Christie’s in 2009 in Paris, and has worked since 2013 at the London office as a Specialist for the Day and Works on Paper sales and later as Director and Senior Specialist for the Evening Sale. In December 2018, he rejoined the Paris team, leading the Avant-Garde and Works on Paper Sales.

Antoine worked closely with Deputy Chairman Olivier Camu on the Art of the Surreal evening auctions and was instrumental in the record-breaking sale of the Claudel bronze group in June 2018. Furthermore, he played a seminal role for many acquisitions by major international institutions, including an important Paul Gauguin ceramic acquired by the Musée d’Orsay during the October 2018 Unbreakable sale, of which he was the Impressionist lead.
Léa Bloch
Specialist, Head of Sale
Paris
Call+33 (0)1 40 76 83 99
E-maillbloch@christies.com
Léa Bloch is Associate Specialist and Head of Sale at the Impressionist and Modern Art department, based in Paris.

Léa’s role as Head of Sale sees her sourcing business and developing client relationships throughout Europe, advising on consignments, acquisitions and appraisals across the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Since taking over responsibility for the Art Impressionniste et Moderne sale, Léa has overseen the sale of a number of record breaking works including the sale of the Edgar Degas oil, Danseuses (Les coulisses de l'Opéra), sold for 6,101,500€, three times its pre-sale estimate, setting a new auction record in France for the artist.

Léa has overseen the first Impressionist auction ever to take place in Hong Kong, the sale of the private collection of Claude Monet, in 2017 and in 2021, she co-organized the “Women in Art” sale, first sale dedicated to women artists to ever take place in France.

Additionally, Léa has a particular focus on provenance research during the Nazi-era, working closely with the Restitution Department.

Léa first joined Christie’s Impressionist and Modern Art department in 2015. She was responsible for cataloguing and researching all the Impressionist and Modern Art sales in Paris and assisting with drafting proposals for consignments and providing clients with valuations.

Léa holds a master’s degree in Law and Economics from the Paris Dauphine University and a bachelor’s degree in History of Art and Archeology from La Sorbonne University, with a focus on 19th and 20th Century Art.
Valérie Didier
Specialist, Head of Sale
Paris
Call+33 (0) 1 40 76 84 32
E-mailvdidier@christies.com
Valérie Didier is a Specialist and Head of Sale at the Impressionist and Modern Art department, based in Paris. She began her career at Christie's in 2005. Prior to her current position, Valérie has worked in London in the Collections department and Impressionist and Modern Art department, as well as the Russian Art department in Paris, before becoming the Business Director at the Christie's Dubai office. She oversaw the bi-annual sales of Middle Eastern Modern and Contemporary Art and Important Watches for over eight years.

Under Valérie’s leadership, the two Parisian spotlight sales Art Moderne and Art Impressionniste et Moderne have consistently achieved strong sell-through rates of over 80% by lot and by value. One of her most remarkable successes included the white-glove sale of the Hessel collection of Bonnard and Vuillard paintings in 2018, selling 100% by lot and exceeding its pre-sale high estimate to make a total of over €5.3 million. Valérie was also responsible for the record price for a work by Jeanne Hébuterne (€478,000 sold in March 2019, nearly eight times its pre-sale low estimate) and the 1889 self-portrait by Emile Bernard, acquired by the Musée d’Orsay in October 2019 (sold for €778,000, almost double its pre-sale low estimate).

In December 2016, Valérie co-authored with Alexandrian collector Dr. Hussam Rashwan the first catalogue raisonné on any artist from the Middle East, the founder of Modern Egyptian Art, Mahmoud Saïd (1897–¬1964), published by SKIRA. Due to her mutli-cultural upbringing, Valérie speaks fluently English, French and Italian. She also has an intermediate level in German and is currently learning Arabic.

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Spécialiste et directrice des ventes du département Art Impressionniste et Moderne à Paris, Valérie Didier débuta sa carrière chez Christie's en 2005. Avant d'occuper sa position actuelle à Paris, Valérie travaillait à Londres dans les départements de Collections et Art impressionniste et Moderne, puis à Paris au département d’Art Russe avant de devenir Directrice Commerciale chez Christie’s Dubai. Elle y supervisa les ventes bi-annuelles de Middle Eastern Modern and Contemporary Art et Important Watches pendant plus de huit ans. Sous sa direction, nos deux ventes phares à Paris, Art Moderne et Art impressionniste et moderne ont constamment accompli des taux records de vente de plus de 80% par lot et valeur. Un de ses plus grands succès inclut la vente en gant blanc de la Collection Hessel de peintures de Bonnard et Vuillard en 2018, avec 100% des lots vendus et dépassant l'estimation haute pour totaliser plus de 5,3 millions d’euros. Valérie fût également à l’origine des prix records d’une oeuvre de Jeanne Hébuterne (vendu à 478 000 € en mars 2019, soit presque huit fois son estimation basse) et de l’autoportrait d’Emile Bernard daté de 1889, acquis par le Musée d’Orsay en octobre 2019 (vendu à 778 000€, environ le double de son estimation basse). En décembre 2016, avec le collectionneur Dr. Hussam Rashwan d’Alexandrie, Valérie co-écrit le premier catalogue raisonné d’un artiste du Moyen Orient, le fondateur de l’art moderne égyptien, Mahmoud Saïd (1897–1964), publié par SKIRA. Grâce à son éducation multiculturel, Valérie parle couramment anglais, français et italien. Elle possède également un niveau intermédiaire en allemand et apprend actuellement l’arabe.
Jetske Homan van der Heide
Senior Specialist, Senior Director
Amsterdam
Call+31 (0)20 575 5241
E-mailjhoman@christies.com
Jetske Homan van der Heide joined Christie’s in 1987 and established the Modern Art department in Amsterdam which has held market leadership in the Netherlands ever since. Jetske initiated the Belgian Art sales in Amsterdam as well as the equally successful CoBrA auctions. The many highlights of her career include a world auction record (€486,444) for a work on paper by Piet Mondriaan, consigning several works by Marlene Dumas for Christie’s New York and bringing in Picasso’s Homme à la pipe assis et amour, which fetched £4,264,000 in London. With the sale of a Jan Toorop portrait for €818,400, Jetske achieved the highest auction price ever for a 20th century work of art sold in the Netherlands. At Christie’s, as well as on the international art market, Jetske is regarded as the leading expert on Dutch and Belgian pre-war art. Jetske studied Art History in Groningen where she specialised in the Modern era.
Arno Verkade
Managing Director Senior Specialist
Amsterdam
E-mailaverkade@christies.com
Arno Verkade is the Managing Director of Christie's in Germany and the Netherlands. Arno joined Christie’s in 1993 as a graduate trainee in the 19th Century Art Department in Amsterdam. He subsequently became a Specialist in the 20th Century Art Department and the Post-War and Contemporary Art Department in Amsterdam, which he headed for almost 10 years. In 2010 Arno transferred to London, to work in the Post-War and Contemporary Department as a Senior Specialist and interim Head of the Evening Auction. During this time, the Post-War and Contemporary Art Department achieved highest turnover ever for any auction in the field in Europe. Arno is an experienced auctioneer of 20th Century Art and has also conducted many charity auctions. A Dutch national, Arno is fluent in Dutch, German and English.
Salome Tan Bo
Vice President, Regional Director
Beijing
Call+86 10 8572 7978
E-mailbotan@christies.com
Prof. Dr. Dirk Boll
Deputy Chairman 20th and 21st Century Art, EMEA Managing Director, Germany
Dusseldorf
Call+44 (0) 787 980 2464
E-maildboll@christies.com
Dirk Boll studied law in Göttingen and Freiburg (Br.) and had his judicial traineeship at the Higher Court in Stuttgart and the German Chamber of Commerce in Brussels. A post graduate study in Art Management in Stuttgart-Ludwigsburg earned him a Master of Art degree. He wrote his Ph.D. thesis on distribution systems for art and the legal framework of the international art market.

He joined Christie's in 1998 in London in the Contemporary Art Department. Following four years as a German Christie's representative based in Stuttgart, he moved to the Zürich office in end of 2004 to take over the position of Managing Director of Christie’s International AG, Switzerland. In 2011 he was appointed European Managing Director and moved his office to Christie’s London, King Street. 2017-2022 he served as President Christie’s EMEA (Europe & UK, Middle East, Africa). In March 2022 Dirk joined the 20th/21st Century Art cluster in London as Deputy Chairman. He also oversees Christie’s Education globally.

Dirk Boll is also a lecturer at the University of Hamburg on the subject of Art Management. He publishes regularly in various daily papers and international magazines and has a quarterly column in the Swiss paper Handelszeitung. Since 2009 he published seven books on various aspects of the art markets, collecting or museum development (with Hatje Cantz/Berlin). In 2015 he launched a publication on “Auctioneers who made Art History”. His book “Art for Sale – a Candid View of the Art Market” (2017) combines his background in law with his current professional area, analysing the legal and economical basis for and the distribution systems of the art market. His view on the post-Corona art markets were published in December 2020 (“What’s different this time? Economic Crisis and Art Market 1990/2001/2009/2020”)
Christiane Rantzau
Deputy Chairman
Hamburg
Call+49 40 279 40 73
E-mailcrantzau@christies.com
Elena Zaccarelli
Senior Specialist, Head of Sale, Milan
Milan
Call+39 02 303 28332
E-mailezaccarelli@christies.com
Elena Zaccarelli is a Senior Specialist in the Modern and Contemporary Art Department at Christie’s in Milan, and she is responsible for the 20th/21st Century: Milan Sales. Elena joined Christie’s in 2010, dealing with international teams of Impressionist and Modern and Post-War and Contemporary Art, being formerly a sale coordinator, cataloguer, junior specialist in the same department. She is now gathering for Milan and international auctions, focusing on italian art. She has curated the sale of the “Next Chapter” Collection throughout London and New York in 2017 and played a key role in major consignments for New York Sales. Before she joined Christie’s, Elena studied History of Art at Università degli Studi di Bologna and worked in various art galleries in Florence. An Italian national, Elena is fluent in Italian and English.
Martina Spiritelli
Cataloguer, Modern and Contemporary Art
Milan
Call+39 02 303 28333
E-mailmspiritelli@christies.com
Martina Spiritelli is a Cataloguer in the Modern and Contemporary Art Department at Christie’s in Milan. She joined Christie’s in 2018 as an Intern in the same department. Being formerly an Operations and Events Coordinator since 2019, in 2021 Martina has been appointed Cataloguer for the Italian live and online sales, also assisting the International and Private Sale teams with cataloguing, researches and expertise. Before she joined Christie’s, she attained a Bachelor’s Degree in History of Art at Università degli Studi di Milano and then majored at Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore di Milano with a Master’s Degree in Arts Management, after working as Assistant and Essays Writer for a gallery in Milan.
Mariolina Bassetti
Chairman, Post-War & Contemporary Art, Continental Europe and Chairman, Christie's Italy
Rome
Call+39 06 686 33 30
E-mailmbassetti@christies.com
Mariolina Bassetti became Head of the Modern and Contemporary Art Department in Italy in 1995, having joined the Christie's Rome office in 1987. Under her direction, Christie's Italy’s Modern and Contemporary Art sales have grown from €1 million to €16 million. Since its launch in 1999, Mariolina has been in charge of the Italian Sale, the annual and only international auction dedicated entirely to Italian 20th Century art, held at Christie's London. On 14 October 2010 the Italian Sale achieved a new record total of £18,627,650 (€21,142,383), making Christie’s market leaders for this category. Since May 2005, Christie's Italy has held the record for the most expensive work of modern art sold in Italy, with Arturo Martini’s sculpture Donna che nuota sott’acqua, which achieved €2.2 million in Milan. In February 2007 Christie's sold the Tettamanti collection at the King Street saleroom in London. It is considered to be the most important Italian post-war and contemporary art private collection ever sold at auction. In 2011 she became Chairman of Christie's Italy, in addition to her previous role of International Director in the Post-War & Contemporary Art department. In April 2013 Mariolina became a member of the Global Executive Committee, formulating strategic departmental plans and leading client initiatives in this key collecting area of Europe. An Italian national, Mariolina is fluent in Italian French, Spanish and English.
Renato Pennisi
International Specialist, Director
Rome
Call+39 33 81 36 03 06
E-mailrpennisi@christies.com
Renato Pennisi is a Director and Senior Specialist of Christie’s global 20/21 Century Team for Modern and Contemporary Art, based in Italy. He joined Christie’s in 2001 and signed responsible as Co-Head for Christie’s Milan auctions as of 2007.

In 2013, Renato launched a new sale format Milan Modern and Contemporary, a monographic sale focusing on the most desirable Italian artists, acclaimed alike by existing and new clients with sell through rates achieving over 90% by lot, even up to 100% result in 2015 and 2018.

In his capacity as international Specialist, Renato has achieved some exceptional auction results for Italian artists in- as well as outside of Italy. Amongst them Lucio Fontana’s Concetto spaziale, Attese sold in March 2018 for £8,671,250; and in October 2018 Concetto Spaziale, La Fine di Dio, dating from 1963 for £16,282,823, still the third highest price for the artist, Piero Manzoni’s Achrome from 1958 which sold in April 2018 for €2,970,000, still the highest price achieved for the artist in Italy), Emilio Vedova’s Cicio61/62 no. 2 sold in November 2008 for €731,600, an unbeaten artist auction record price lasting nearly for two decades, as well as Giorgio Morandi’s Natura Morta, 1939 sold in October 2015 for £2,546,500, still the second highest price at auction for the artist, and Francis Bacon’s Three Studies for a Portrait of George Dyer, sold in May 2017 $51,767,500. In 2021 Renato was instrumental for the consignment of the Collection Gerard Valkier : A lifetime journey with Art, which held many works by Italian 20/21century artists and totaled €6,572,250. A few months later in the same year, Renato signed responsible for the single owner sale Thousand Roads: A Private Collection in Rome which sold in Amsterdam and London and during the first edition of Thinking Italian in Paris in 2022, his Alighiero Boetti pink Mappa, 1979-1980 consignment set the then new world auction record for the artist, when selling for €5.6 million, doubling its mid-estimate.
Giulia Centonze
Junior Specialist, Modern and Contemporary Art
Rome
Call+39 06 686 3320
E-mailGCentonze@christies.com
Giulia Centonze is a Junior Specialist in the Modern and Contemporary Art Department at Christie’s in Rome. Giulia joined Christie’s in 2014 as Personal Assistant to the Italian Chairman Mariolina Bassetti. In 2018 Giulia became Cataloguer, working for London and Milan Italian Sales. From 2020 she has been appointed Junior Specialist, dealing with international teams, helping with cataloguing, expertise, valuations and gathering for sales. Before she joined Christie’s, Giulia studied Economics for the Arts and Management at Università L. Bocconi in Milan and worked as Assistant Curator for a contemporary art private collection in Milan.
Grace Zhuang (莊俊)
Vice President, Senior Specialist, Head of Sale
Shanghai
Call+86 21 2226 1530
E-mailgzhuang@christies.com
Based in Shanghai, Grace Zhuang is Regional Senior Specialist and Associate Vice President for the Asian 20th Century & Contemporary Art Department, focusing on business development and private sales. Grace has over 18 years of experience in Chinese 20th Century and Contemporary art market in China, and she holds a Master of Arts degree in Art Market Appraisal from the Kingston University London.

Since joining Christie’s in 2012, Grace has contributed significantly to the market growth of Asian 20th Century & Contemporary Art. In 2013, she played the major role of spearheading the first ever Christie’s Shanghai sale, and became the head of sale in Shanghai in 2014. During her time heading the Shanghai sale, she has achieved top prices for many emerging artists and is continually developing the category of Asian art in Shanghai.
Roni Gilat-Baharaff
Managing Director - Israel
Tel Aviv
Call+97 23 695 0695
E-mailrgilat-baharaff@christies.com
Jutta Nixdorf
Managing Director, Senior Specialist
Zürich
Call+41 44 268 10 10
E-mailjnixdorf@christies.com
With more than 25 years in the art market both in the auction world and as an advisor and dealer, Jutta Nixdorf brings extensive experience to bear. Starting at Christie’s Stuttgart, Jutta then moved to Berlin as a Specialist for Contemporary Art and led Gallery de Pury & Luxembourg Zurich as Managing Director. She has been a private advisor and dealer specialising in Post War & Contemporary Art, as well as Director of More Gallery, Switzerland before returning to Christie’s in 2012. Jutta is a Senior Specialist for 20th/21st Century Art and Managing Director of the Zurich office. She was instrumental in the sale of The Collection of Thomas and Doris Ammann, to benefit their foundation.
Ilona Genoni Dall
General Manager: Specialist Swiss Art
Zürich
Call+41 44 268 10 29
E-mailigenoni@christies.com
Adèle Zahn Bodmer
Business Development Manager
Zürich
Call+41 (0)44 268 1016
E-mailazahn@christies.com