André Breton

André Breton (1896–1966) was a French writer, poet and theorist, best known as the founder and chief proponent of Surrealism. Born in Tinchebray, Normandy, he initially studied medicine and served in psychiatric wards during World War I, where his encounters with shell-shocked soldiers and exposure to Freudian ideas sparked his lifelong fascination with the unconscious.

In the early 1920s, Breton became deeply involved with Parisian avant-garde circles, collaborating with Dadaists such as Tristan Tzara, though he soon broke away to establish a new movement. In 1924 he published the First Surrealist Manifesto, defining Surrealism as an attempt to reconcile dream and reality into an absolute reality, or ‘surreality’. Drawing upon psychoanalysis, Breton promoted techniques such as automatic writing and free association, encouraging artists and writers to bypass rational control.

Under his leadership, Surrealism attracted figures including Salvador Dalí, Max Ernst, Joan Miró and René Magritte, becoming one of the most influential cultural movements of the 20th century. Breton himself wrote poetry, essays and manifestos, and his novel Nadja (1928) remains a landmark of Surrealist literature, blending autobiography, photography and dreamlike narrative.

Politically engaged, he aligned Surrealism with leftist movements, at times controversially, and spent periods in exile in the United States and Mexico during World War II. Breton’s writings and vision gave Surrealism its intellectual foundation, shaping a movement that profoundly altered the landscape of modern art and literature.

André Breton (1896-1966)

Le torrent automobile (Poème-assemblage)

GIACOMETTI, Alberto (1901-1966) et André BRETON (1896-1966)

L ’ Air de l ’ eau. Paris : Éditions “Cahiers d’Art”, 1934

BRETON, André (1896-1966)

Les Vases communicants. Paris : les Cahiers libres, 1932.

BRETON, André (1896-1966) et Pablo PICASSO (1881-1973)

Clair de terre. Paris : s.n., 1923.

BRETON, André (1896-1966) et Joan MIRÓ (1893-1983)

La Clé des champs . Paris : Le Sagittaire, 1953.

[HUGO, Valentine]

2 portraits d'AndrÉ Breton - dessins originaux à la mine de plomb

BRETON, André (1896-1966)

Le Surréalisme et la peinture. Paris: NRF, 1928

[BRETON, André]

Ensemble de 7 affiches

DUCHAMP, Marcel, André BRETON et autres

Boîte alerte. Missives lascives. Exposition internationale du Surréalisme. 1959 – 1960. Paris, Galerie Daniel Cordier, 1959

André Breton (1896-1966)

Où est Carthage ?

BRETON, André (1896-1966)

L'Amour fou. Paris : Gallimard, 1937.

BRETON, André (1896-1966) et Max ERNST (1891-1976)

Les Vases communicants. Paris : les Cahiers libres, 1932

BRETON, André

[Trois interventions à Contre-Attaque]

[SURRÉALISME]

Minotaure. Revue artistique et littéraire . Paris : Éditions Albert Skira, juin 1933 - mai 1939

BRETON, André

L'Amour fou. Épreuves corrigées. [Paris], imprimerie de Lagny, 12 août 1936

BRETON, André, Benjamin PÉRET et d'autres

Cahier de la permanence surréaliste tenue à la galerie Nina Dausset. 1948-1949

BRETON, André (1896-1966) et Philippe SOUPAULT (1897-1990)

Les Champs magnétiques. Paris : Au Sans Pareil, 1920.

BRETON, André (1896-1966), Paul ÉLUARD (1895-1952) et Salvador DALÍ (1904-1989)

L'Immaculée conception. Paris : Éditions surréalistes, José Corti, 1930.

Clair de terre. Paris, s.n., 1923

Clair de terre. Paris, s.n., 1923

BRETON, André

Nadja . Paris, NRF, 1928

[BRETON, André] EHRMANN, Gilles et Julien GRACQ

42 rue Fontaine. Paris, Au Fil de l’encre, 1996-1997

BRETON, André

Vers l’Idéal. Revue. Paris, mai 1912

BRETON, André

Préface au Mécanicien de Jean Ferry

BRETON, André

Martinique charmeuse de serpents. Paris, Éditions du Sagittaire, 1948